DATA-USAGE -SAFETY

COMPLETE -FLEA ERADICATION

with NITENPYRAM & LUFENURON

NITENPYRAM DATA

 

 

 

RECOMMENDED DOSAGING FOR RESEARCH

(FOR PETS OVER 8 WEEKS OF AGE )

DOGS CATS 2 LB TO 25 LB 12 MILLIGRAMS

DOGS/CATS 25 LB-125LBS 57 MILIIGRAMS

Disclaimer
This information is for general reference only and should not be used for the diagnosis or treatment of any condition of your pet. It's intended as a general reference, this information may not include all possible uses, precautions, directions, reactions (including allergic), drug interactions, or withdrawal times. Always consult your local veterinarian and have your pet examined for any advice concerning the diagnosis and treatment of your pet, including which products and doses are most appropriate. Any trademarks are the property of their respective owners. 

 

Nitenpyram is a systemically active neonicotinoid insecticide approved in 2000 for killing adult fleas on dogs and cats.

Nitenpyram binds to insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in postsynaptic nerve membranes and blocks transmission of nerve impulses, thereby causing paralysis and death of fleas. It is given orally and begins killing fleas within 30 minutes after administration and can achieve 100% flea kill by 3 hours post-administration.

Effective flea kill is maintained for 48 hours after administration. Not only does nitenpyram kill adult fleas effectively, it also causes a rapid decrease in feeding[3]. For both of these reasons, nitenpyram also causes a dramatic decrease in egg production.

This product is extremely safe and is labelled for use in cats 8 weeks and older, weighing at least 500 grams. Nitenpyram is also safe to use in pregnant, lactating and breeding Queens, and can be safely given withimidacloprid, pyrethrins, lufenuron and fipronil.

Powder can be given every couple days with or without food. Some flea-infested cats may show increased pruritus for several hours after administration, caused by increased movement of fleas affected by nitenpyram.

Major Uses

Nitenpyram is an oral insecticide that is commonly used to kill adult fleas on dogs and cats. It may also be effective for treating various kinds of fly larvae.

Common Precautions

Nitenpyram should not be used in animals that weigh less than 2 pounds, or in animals that are less than 4 weeks old.

Negative side effects associated with nitenpyram are rare. Scratching may occur as fleas begin to die. Other possible side effects may include hyperactivity, lethargy, panting, fever, vomiting, vocalization, decreased appetite, diarrhea, salivation, and allergic reactions such as hives, difficulty breathing, incoordination, seizures, increased heart rate, trembling, and pupil dilation.

Nitenpyram should not be used in animals with a known allergy or hypersensitivity to the drug. A veterinarian should be contacted immediately if an overdose is suspected.

Storage

Nitenpyram should be kept at room temperature and stored in a tight, light resistant container that is childproof. If stored below 76 degrees Fahrenheit, nitenpyram can last for up to three years before needing to be disposed of.

Administration

Nitenpyram can be administered with or without food and as often as once per day for dogs and cats. For dogs, a typical dose can range from 11.4-57 mg depending on weight. For cats, a typical dose is 11.4 mg. When being used to treat maggots in reptiles, 11.4 mg should be crushed and administered as an edema, or on the wound, one time only. For instances in which a dose is forgotten, it should be administered as soon as possible. Should it almost be time for the next scheduled dose, the missed dose should be skipped and the regular dosing schedule should resume. Two doses should not be administered at the same time.

Doses may vary in different species, when the drug is given by a different route or concurrently with other medications, and with regards to a patient's age, breed, and health status. A veterinarian's dosing instructions and/or those printed on the medication label should be followed closely.  

 

LUFENURON DATA

 

RECOMMENDED DOSAGING FOR RESEARCH

(FOR PETS OVER 8 WEEKS OF AGE )

DOGS CATS 5 milligrams per 1 lb of animals weight dog or cat

 

Disclaimer
This information is for general reference only and should not be used for the diagnosis or treatment of any condition of your pet. It's intended as a general reference, this information may not include all possible uses, precautions, directions, reactions (including allergic), drug interactions, or withdrawal times. Always consult your local veterinarian and have your pet examined for any advice concerning the diagnosis and treatment of your pet, including which products and doses are most appropriate. Any trademarks are the property of their respective owners. 

   

Lufenuron is a treatment for fleas on cats and dogs. It is not effective against ticks, but it may be used at higher doses to treat ringworm. Lufenuron belongs to the group of drugs called insect development inhibitors or insect growth regulators.

Lufenuron works by inhibiting production of chitin, which is the material that makes up the hard exoskeleton that protects insects. While adult fleas already have the chitin they need, flea larvae must make chitin in order to hatch and survive. Adult female fleas treated with lufenuron will pass it on to their eggs, thereby preventing their larvae from making chitin and hatching.

 

Common Precautions

Oral lufenuron does not typically cause side effects when used as directed. Rarely, itchy skin, lethargy, diarrhea, and vomiting may occur.

Lufenuron will not prevent flea bites from living fleas, and it may not be a good choice for animals with a flea bite allergy. This drug is not for use in animals under 6 weeks of age. Lufenuron does not interact with other medications or affect the treated animal's system. It is compatible with other treatments. To help prevent resistance to flea control products, lufenuron should be used in combination with other topical treatments for fleas.

Lufenuron should not be used in animals with a known allergy or hypersensitivity to the drug. Any known or suspected overdose should be reported to a veterinarian right away.

Storage

This drug should be stored at room temperature, in its original packaging, and out of reach of pets and children. It should not be kept in a bathroom or above a kitchen sink.

Administration

Lufenuron is available in tablet form and as an oral suspension for dogs and cats. It is also available as an injectable for cats.

The typical dose of lufenuron in dogs is 5 mg/lb (10 mg/kg) once monthly. In cats, the drug is typically dosed at 15 mg/lb (30 mg/kg) once monthly or 5 mg/lb (10 mg/kg) injectable every six months.

Doses may vary in different species, when the drug is given by a different route or concurrently with other medications, and with regards to a patient's age, breed, and health status. A veterinarian's dosing instructions and/or those printed on the medication label should be followed closely.

Oral lufenuron must be administered on a full stomach for proper absorption by the body. In the event a dose of lufenuron is missed, it should be administered as soon as possible. If it is almost time for the next scheduled dose, the missed dose should be skipped and a normal schedule should be resumed. It is important not to give two doses of this drug at the same time.

           

Lufenuron.

Lufenuron is an IGR or insect development inhibitor that works by inhibiting chitin biosynthesis (Fig. 6.1) (Insecticide Resistance Action Committee [IRAC], 2017). Lufenuron is available in an injectable formulation (Program 6-Month Injectable for Cats) that is designed to allow application every 6 months for control of fleas. Powder forms are also just as significantly effective and dosages vary depending on weight of eitht the cat or dog. Adverse reactions after injection or if overdose of powder forms can include pain on injection, injection site lumps/granulomas, vomiting, listlessness, lethargy, and anorexia. The drug is highly lipophilic, resides in the fat tissues of the pet, and redistributes into the bloodstream. Adult fleas ingest lufenuron when they feed, and the drug is passed transovarially to the flea egg. Most flea eggs exposed to lufenuron fail to hatch, and the few flea larvae that do hatch die during their first molt. The action on the immature flea is thought to be owing to disruption of chitin synthesis and deposition. Lufenuron is a convenient and effective agent for flea control in pets. It is known to be safe in pets of all ages, as well as in breeding dogs and cats.

Concurrent use of lufenuron and nitenpyram was discussed in the Nitenpyram section. Lufenuron is also available in combination with milbemycin oxime (Sentinel Flavor Tabs), as well as with milbemycin oxime and praziquantel (Sentinel Spectrum) for control of fleas and internal parasites in dogs; 

 

Lufenuron

Structure of lufenuron

COURTESY OF DR. RAMESH GUPTA AND DR. ROBIN DOSS.

Lufenuron (1-[2,5-dichloro-4-(1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropoxy)phenyl]-3-(2,6-difluorobenzoyl)urea) is a benzoylphenyl urea, which has a chemical formula of C17H8Cl2F8N2O3, with a molecular weight of 511.15.

Lufenuron is an active ingredient in flea control, and is also used in combination with milbemycin oxime for heartworm and ringworm and as an anthelmintic. Lufenuron is stored in the animal’s body fat and transferred to adult fleas through the host’s blood. Adult fleas transfer it to their eggs through their blood and to hatched larvae feeding on their excrement. Lufenuron is classified as an insect development inhibitor (IDI). Lufenuron does not kill adult fleas. It inhibits the production of chitin in insects, and without chitin, a larval flea will never develop a hard exoskeleton. As a result, the flea's inner organs are exposed to air and the insect dies from dehydration soon after hatching or molting. In cats, lufenuron must be given orally once a month or injected every 6 months to be effective.

Lufenuron is safe for its use in dogs and cats, as its acute oral toxicity in rats and mice is >2,000 mg/kg, and it is nonirritating to the skin and eyes.